Courtesy of Stanley Tools Fig. i.ii. Combination plane. 'JJacUsa Blade. Ground to an Edge. 12. Chamfering plane. Sanding. After a piece of wood is smoothed to the limit of a plane's capabilities, it is customary to refine the work by the application of a coated abrasive, or grit paper. Abrasive papers come in standard 9 in. x 11 in. sheets, coated for the most part with particles of garnet, quartz, or flint. The variation in the size of grits ranges from 80 to 4, as follows: Classification Size of Grits Fine...............Dry: 8020 Wet: 80600 Medium............10-2 Coarse..............2-4 Type of Cabinetwork Smoothing down prior to finishing Primary varnish sanding Preliminary smoothing (after planing) Paint and varnish removal Endgrain glazing CABINETMAKING There is a choice of abrasives for every purpose and each type of wood, constructing furniture the finer grades of grit papers will normally be selected gently smoothing the finer grains of hardwood that will probably be used. As in planing, the abrading or cutting is performed with the grain, and ur an equal pressure. It is necessary to back up abrasive papers with some forn rigid block in order to equalize the pressure in cutting, thus preventing groov Every effort must also be exerted to prevent a twisting of the paper, which te to produce crossgrain scratches. Blocks similar to those commercially available can be contrived by the ht mechanic to suit the work in production. For preliminary rough work, m elbow grease and weight are required; therefore, the block can be a heavy br covered by some durable material such as canvas, laced or sewed on the uf surface. Customarily, commercial sanding blocks have various ingenious metfc for clamping the abrasive paper in place. Inasmuch as these sanding medh quickly lose their cutting power when the abrasive particles become dull, i necessary continually to expose new surfaces. A block of wood i in. x 3 ir 5 in. with a felt backing or a section of old inner tube glued to the underside satisfy most requirements. Not the least cause of dullness of the sanding block is that the wood с removed packs itself into the interstices between the abrasive particles to such extent that they are unable to bite, even if still sharp. A scrubbing brush v even bristles, nailed on its back at the end of the workbench, will prove a value aid for the frequent elimination of this dust pack. Some mechanics prefer massage the packed sandpaper with a more flexible cleaner, such as a bottle br or a nail brush. Regardless of the method employed, it must also be remembe that a portion of the wood dust plugs up the pores in the wood also. This, 1 must be removed before finishing operations are begun or the results will entirely unsatisfactory. A quick way to effect this removal at frequent inten is by means of a small brush attachment connected to the vacuum cleaner.