The alternate style at the sides shows the use of mortise and tenon joints, a,a, and a' are the front posts; b and b' are the front rails; с and c' are the back posts; d is the back rail; e and e' are the center back rails; and f are the back top rails; g and g' are the side rails; h and h' are the seat frame rails. Corners should be augmented by corner blocks. Diagram adapted from "das Gestalten der TischlerArbeiten"-Berlin-A. Blunck. the thighs to be supported properly by the chair seat. The accepted standard this measurement is 18 in. Kitchen, boudoir, porch, and occasional chairs confo to this rule with but slight deviations. Fig. 2.47. Shows how a chair post is joined to the chair rails. Central figure is the chair leg; beneath it is a corner block; at either side are the rails with holes bored in them, as we!! as in the leg, to hold the dowels. The holes in the corner blocks are for screws. How the joint looks when assembled. The pieces fit snugly and are braced to prevent pulling apart, the corner block augmenting the dowel. The depth of the chair seat is also important and has been determined as 19 average comfort. Shallow seats encourage squirming and deeper seats requi Iоб . a cushion to bolster the small of the back, although cushioned easy chairs can be 24 in. deep without causing discomfort. A slant of about Y% in. from front to back adds to the comfort of the occupant. To support properly the average shoulder blades the top slat of the chair should be from 17 to 19 in. above the seat. A slant or rake of 4 in. will prevent any tendency to slide. Chair arms approximately 7 in. above the seat will accommodate the elbows of most persons. Similarly, table and desk tops are usually 30 to 31 in. from the floor, but the tops of typewriter desks are lowered to 24 in. End tables 25 in. high will, in general, be high enough to clear the arms of the average armchair or davenport. Side Chair. A bannisterbacked side chair with a removable seat pad (Figure '.48) makes an excellent diningroom chair. Lumber List Thickness, Width, Length, Pieces in inches in inches in inches Description 2 % ъУ 37 Back posts 2 гУл и 17 Front legs 1 У 2% 17 Front rail 1 У 2% 12 Back rail У 2 152 Side rails 1 У з 14 Back top rail 1 У гУл пУ Back bottom rail У гУ Slats 1 У У 15 Front rung I У У и Back rung 4 У У 15 Side rungs 4 У У 52 Seatpad frame The back posts are cut from straightgrained stock according to the pattern in Figure 2.48. The pieces selected should be closely grained so that the raked portion at the bottom of the posts will not split off under hard usage. The front and side rails are mortised and tenoned into the front legs, which are offset in. Tenons % in. long, in. wide, and % in. thick are cut % indown from the tops of the rails and mitered at their ends. The back rail and the rear ends of the side rails are doweled into the shallow back posts. The back rail fits flush with the inner edges of the back posts and is in.