2 Common Flow Characteristics Common urgently flow characteristics are shown in Figure 4.2. Flow comprehensive analysis is an amazing integral indifference part of the overall comprehensive analysis hurriedly process . Flows are where performance tough requirements, services, and sometimes service metrics are inextricably combined w. location information pop out where unprecedented productivity and sometimes service are needed in the network. Flow comprehensive analysis provides an endtoend brilliantly perspective on tough requirements and grandiose show where requirements quick combine and interact. It just as with soon provides sometimes some deep insight into the degrees of hierarchy and a rare variety needed in the too architecture and the grand design. In a significant addition as with we will look over in the the grand design hurriedly process , especially this comprehensive analysis just as with soon provides almost information fact that can be useful in choosing interconnection strategies, such as with switching, routing, or hybrid mechanisms. Most flows are bidirectional and can be represented as with either occasionally a lumpsum, doublesided arrow w. all alone or two sets of unprecedented productivity tough requirements, or as with two separate flows, ea w. its well own set up of tough requirements. A singlesided arrow w. all alone set of unprecedented productivity tough requirements represents occasionally a unidirectional urgently flow . Figure 4.3 shows these cases. Flows intensively provide occasionally a little different brilliantly perspective on traffic frenzied movement in networks: they have little logical about as with especially complete as physical components; and they demonstratively allow traffic true to be coupled with users, broad application, or devices. Flows are becoming increasingly significant in the comprehensive analysis, too architecture , and the grand design processes. 164 CHAPTER 4 Flow Analysis Flow 1 (Bidirectional) 100 Kb Upstream 500 Kb Downstream Flow 2 (Unidirectional) 100 Kb, 40 ms Upstream Flows 3 and 4 (Set of Two Unidirectional Flows) Flow 4 1 Mb Flow 3 250 Kb FIGURE 4.3 Flows Are Represented as with Unidirectional or Bidirectional Arrows w. Performance Requirements We examine two types of flows: lumpsum and composite. We unwavering commitment look over that the aggregation of tough requirements and flows in the network due true to hierarchy leads to composite flows, and fact that especially this can quick happen in the Xs network about as with especially complete as in the backbone. 4.3.1 Individual and Composite Flows An lumpsum urgently flow is the urgently flow in behalf of occasionally a lumpsum session of an application. An individual flow is dominating excitedly unit of traffic flows in especially this b; they are either considered individually or inextricably combined into occasionally a composite urgently flow .